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Category
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EDUCATION |
It important to know about diamonds before you make purchase. Learn the 4 C's of
diamonds: Cut, Color, Clarity and Carat Weight. The concept of the 4 Cs is used
internationally to group specific characteristics of diamonds to determine the quality
and value of a gemstone.
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CARAT |
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The weight or size of a diamond is measured in carats (ct.). A carat is 0.2 grams
and there are 100 points (or 200 milligrams) per carat. With an accuracy of 1/100,000
ct, this scales provide a highly precise diamond weight and this weight is
specified on the Diamond Report to two decimal points. Diamonds and other gemstones
are weighed in metric carats: one carat is equal to 0.2 grams, about the same weight
as a paperclip. (Don’t confuse carat with karat, as in “18K gold,” which refers
to gold purity.)
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Carat |
0.05 |
0.10 |
0.20 |
0.25 |
0.30 |
0.40 |
0.50 |
0.70 |
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Øm/ m |
2.5 |
3.0 |
3.8 |
4.1 |
4.5 |
4.8 |
5.2 |
5.8 |
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h m/ m |
1.5 |
1.8 |
2.3 |
2.5 |
2.7 |
3.0 |
3.1 |
3.5 |
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Carat |
0.90 |
1.00 |
1.25 |
1.50 |
1.75 |
2.00 |
2.50 |
3.00 |
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Øm/ m |
6.3 |
6.5 |
6.9 |
7.4 |
7.8 |
8.2 |
8.8 |
9.4 |
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h m/ m |
3.8 |
3.9 |
4.3 |
4.5 |
4.7 |
4.9 |
5.3 |
5.6 |
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COLOUR
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The most desirable diamonds are colourless because of the absence of colour enhances
the diamonds ability to reflect a rainbow of colour.
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Diamond color is invisible . Diamonds are valued by how closely they approach colorlessness
– the less color, the higher their value. The exception to this is fancy-color diamonds,
such as pinks and blues, which lie outside this color range. Most diamonds are
colorless to near-colorless, with slight hints of yellow or brown shade. When shopping
for a diamond, it is generally preferred to have the least amount of color possible.
Diamond color is divided into following categories: D,E,F,G,H,I,J,K,L,M.
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Coloured or Fancy diamonds are rare and very expensive .this diamonds reflect the
colour of rainbow and sparkle in brilliant combinations of green ,red ,pink,blue,orange
, yellow,and brown.
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Reflection |
Refraction |
Dispersion |
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A) When a ray of light touches the surface of a diamond, part of the light is reflected
back, this is external reflection.
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B) The rest of the ray penetrates the stone and is then reflected toward the center
of the diamond. This is known as refraction.
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C) The ray of light is reflected to the surface, where it is seen as the colors
of the spectrum. This is known as dispersion.
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Execution of the design, the precision of the cutting details and the quality of
the polish are collectively called the finish.
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Cut is the very important for a diamond’s fire, sparkle and brilliance. It
is divided in scale as bellows. Excellent Cut give high value than other
CUT catogaries.
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When a diamond is cut to proper proportions and is finished well, light refracts
into the diamond, is reflected from one facet to another and then returns through
the top of the gem resulting in a display of brilliance (white light), dispersion
(rainbow-colored light) and scintillation (sparkling when the diamond moves), and
luster (bright reflections from the surface). Proper cutting is the key to a diamond's
beauty and value
The traditional 58 facets in a round brilliant diamond, each precisely cut and defined,
are as small as two millimeters in diameter. But without this precision, a diamond
will not see beautiful. The allure of a particular diamond depends more on cut than
anything else.Though extremely difficult to analyze or quantify, the cut of any
diamond has three attributes: brilliance (the total light reflected from a diamond),
fire (the dispersion of light into the colors of the spectrum), and scintillation
(the flashes of light, or sparkle, when a diamond is moved).
The standard round brilliant is the shape used in most diamond jewelry. All
others are known as fancy shapes. Traditional fancy shapes include the princess,
marquise, pear, oval and emerald cuts. Hearts, cushions, triangles are also
gaining popularity in diamond jewelry.
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Diameter: Width of a polished stone, measured from
edge to edge
Table: Largest polished facet located on the top of
the diamond
Crown: The top part of a diamond extending from the
table to the girdle
Girdle: The very edge of the diamond where the crown
and pavilion meet
Pavilion: The bottom part of a diamond extending from
the girdle down to the culet
Depth: The total height of a diamond measured from
the table to the culet
Culet: The small or pointed facet at the very bottom
of a polished stone
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Because diamonds formed deep within the earth, under extreme heat and pressure,
they often contain unique birthmarks, either internal (inclusions) or external (blemishes).
Diamond clarity refers to the absence of these inclusions and blemishes. Diamonds
without these birthmarks are rare, and rarity affects a diamond’s value. Using the
GIA International Diamond Grading System™, diamonds are assigned a clarity grade
that ranges from flawless (FL) to diamonds with obvious inclusions (I3).
Every diamond is unique. None is absolutely perfect under 10× magnification, though
some come close. Known as Flawless diamonds, these are exceptionally rare. Most
jewelers have never even seen one.
FL/IF Diamonds: Flawless: No inclusions under 10x. Internally
Flawless: None or only insignificant surface blemishes and no inclusions when examined
under 10x. Normally, most blemishes can be removed by minor polishing. Very
rare, beautiful and expensive diamonds.
VVS1/VVS2 Diamonds: Very Very Slightly Included: Contain minute
inclusions that are extremely difficult for an experienced grader to locate under
10x magnification. VVS diamonds are very rare and beautiful.
VS1/VS2 Diamonds: Very Slightly Included: Contain minor inclusions
that range from difficult to somewhat easy to see under 10x magnification. Typical
VS inclusions are small crystals, feathers or distinct clouds. In some rare cases,
a VS stone can contain an eye visible inclusion. Excellent quality diamonds.
SI1/SI2 Diamonds: Slightly Included: Inclusions are easily visible
under 10x magnification to an experienced gemologist and may be visible with the
unaided eye. A great value.
I1/I2/I3 Diamonds: Included: Diamonds with significant inclusions.
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